1.首先 sleep 方法是Thread类中的静态方法,他的作用是使当前线程暂时睡眠指定的时间,可以不用放在synchronized方法或者代码块中,但是 wait 方法是Object类的方法,它是使当前线程暂时放弃监视对象的使用权进行等待,必须要放在synchronized方法或者代码块中
2.调用线程的sleep 方法当前线程会让出CPU给其他线程执行,但不会释放锁,依然占用锁的使用权,但是 wait方法会释放锁。
3.sleep方法到睡眠指定时间后会自动回复到可运行状态,但是wait方法需要另外一个拥有锁的对象调用 notify 方法进行唤醒,否则将一直挂起。
验证代码如下:
1 package test.main.com; 2 3 public class SleepAndWait { 4 5 6 private static class Thread1 implements Runnable{ 7 @Override 8 public void run() { 9 synchronized (SleepAndWait.class) {10 System.out.println("thread 1 enter run method...");11 System.out.println("thread 1 start waiting...");12 try {13 SleepAndWait.class.wait();14 } catch (Exception e) {15 e.printStackTrace();16 }17 System.out.println("thread 1 ending waiting...");18 System.out.println("thread 1 is over...");19 }20 }21 }22 23 24 private static class Thread2 implements Runnable{25 26 @Override27 public void run() {28 synchronized (SleepAndWait.class) {29 System.out.println("thread 2 enter run method...");30 System.out.println("thread 2 sleeping...");31 SleepAndWait.class.notifyAll();32 33 try {34 Thread.sleep(10000);35 } catch (InterruptedException e) {36 e.printStackTrace();37 }38 39 System.out.println("thread2 is going on....");40 System.out.println("thread2 is over!!!");41 }42 }43 44 }45 46 public static void main(String[] args) {47 new Thread(new Thread1()).start();48 new Thread(new Thread1()).start();49 new Thread(new Thread1()).start();50 51 try {52 System.out.println("main Thread begin sleeping....");53 Thread.sleep(8000);54 System.out.println("main Thread end sleeping....");55 } catch (InterruptedException e) {56 e.printStackTrace();57 }58 59 new Thread(new Thread2()).start();60 }61 62 63 }
说明:虽然Thread2调用了notify,但是由于Thread2调用的是sleep,所以Thread2实际上还是没有释放锁,因此Thread1的Run方法一直拿不到锁,只有等待Thread2执行完毕以后,Thread1拿到锁,然后才能继续执行。